(4) Work and Vocational Training Provided by the Ministry of Youth and Sports
The Ministry of Youth and Sports provides work and vocational training, in particular, to young school leavers. It operates 5 National Youth Skill Institutes (Institut Kemahiran Belia Negara: IKBN) to help people aged between 18 and 25 (school leavers in particular) acquire vocational skills. There is also the Youth Advanced Skills Training Centre (Sepang IKTBN) that was established with the assistance of the Indian Government.
Saturday, September 22, 2007
Friday, September 21, 2007
Work and Vocational Training and Training Programs for Young People
(3) Work and Vocational Training Provided by the Ministry of Entrepreneur Development
The Ministry of Entrepreneur Development offers work and vocational training as part of the Bumiputera First Policy. The ministry established Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA) to provide education and training in an attempt to upgrade the vocational skills of the bumiputera population. MARA implements various programs to provide guidance on social advancement and commercial and industrial activities by bumiputera. It is committed to promoting economic and social development in the rural area, in particular. MARA operates the MARA Activity Centres (about 140 centers in the country) and 11 MARA Skills Institutes (IKM), the German-Malaysian Institute (GMI), the Malaysia France Institute (MFI), and the British Malaysian Institute (BMI).
・MARA Activity Centre
MARA Activity Centres provide training programs focusing on basic skills development, based on the analysis of the local industry’s employment needs and from the perspective of the promotion of independent business. There are 140 activity centers around the country. These centers offer 6-month to 12-month training courses to bumiputera who have inferior education.
Thursday, September 20, 2007
Work and Vocational Training and Training Programs for Young People
(2) Work and Vocational Training Provided by the Ministry of Human Resources
The Ministry of Human Resources provides pre-employment industrial skills training programs to new graduates, and advanced skills training programs to workers for skills upgrade.
The ministry implements its policies through three institutions. The Technical Education Department (TED) is responsible for the implementation of work and vocational training. The Department of Skill Labour (DSD), formerly known as National Vocational Training Council (NVTC) is responsible for the planning and evaluation of work and vocational training programs. The Human Resources Development Council (HRDC), which was established in 1992, supervises the administration of the Human Resource Development Fund (HRDF), aiming to encourage manufacturing and service sector participation in skill development, skill redevelopment and skill upgrade.
The ministry also runs 14 Industrial Training Institutes (ITI), 4 Advanced Technology Centres (ADTEC), the Japan-Malaysia Technical Institute (JMTI), and the Centre for Instructors and Advanced Skills Training (CIAST) to provide work and vocational training programs.
・Industrial Training Institute (ITI)
There are 14 industrial training institutes across the country to offer short-term and long-term courses with a focus on manufacturing. Upon successful completion of the long-term course, trainees will be awarded the Malaysia Skill Certificate (MSC) Level 1 or Level 2. Trainees who complete the short-term course will receive the Technician Certificate.
・Advanced Technology Centre (ADTEC)
There are 4 Advanced Technology Centres in the country. They were established as the core center for vocational skills development in the region, with the aim of developing skilled workers required by the industries. Their programs are linked with academic qualifications; thus, a successful trainee will be awarded a diploma upon completion of the course.
・Japan-Malaysia Technical Institute (JMTI)
The Japan-Malaysia Technical Institute is a vocational training project launched under the combined effort of the Malaysian and Japanese Governments. Its launch was aimed at pursuing the Malaysian Government’s policy to develop the human resources required in the high tech industry. JMTI offers long-term courses including Electronic Engineering Technology, Computer Engineering Technology, Manufacturing Engineering Technology, and Mechatronic Engineering Technology.
Wednesday, September 19, 2007
Work and Vocational Training and Training Programs for Young People
(1) Vocational Education Provided by the Ministry of Education
The Ministry of Education has jurisdiction over senior secondary schools such as vocational schools and technical schools, as well as tertiary colleges and polytechnics that provide vocational education to senior secondary school graduates. The ministry offers vocational education to help students acquire the special technologies and skills required by industries.
・Polytechnic
A polytechnic is a training institution that prepares students for engineering positions or for senior management positions in the commercial and service sectors. The Ministry of Education places the greatest expectation on polytechnics. There were 12 polytechnics and about 32,000 students. There has been an increase in enrollment in polytechnics in recent years.
The Ministry of Education has jurisdiction over senior secondary schools such as vocational schools and technical schools, as well as tertiary colleges and polytechnics that provide vocational education to senior secondary school graduates. The ministry offers vocational education to help students acquire the special technologies and skills required by industries.
・Polytechnic
A polytechnic is a training institution that prepares students for engineering positions or for senior management positions in the commercial and service sectors. The Ministry of Education places the greatest expectation on polytechnics. There were 12 polytechnics and about 32,000 students. There has been an increase in enrollment in polytechnics in recent years.
Monday, September 17, 2007
Malaysian Vocational Training System
This is part of a series of our Malysian Vocational Training System & Human Resources Development.
A eview of the economic development in and after the 1980s revealed that the government took a strong stance on human resource development. Some hold a view that it would be best to reduce government involvement and leave it to the market mechanism in developing countries. In reality, government involvement is anticipated in many countries and that is especially true in Malaysia. In fact, the government shows strong interest in human resource development and closely monitors the state of the implementation of vocational and other training. The interim report of the Malaysia Plan and other projects examined the state of vocational and other training. In Malaysia, foreign companies have an obligation to provide technical training for their employees. These examples clearly reflect the government’s attitude toward human resource development. Meanwhile, the government voices dissatisfaction with companies that are not willing to provide employee training or technical transfer from time to time. In Malaysia, there is significant interference from the government concerning human resource development; thus, it is only natural that public vocational training institutes have been deeply involved in the implementation of such government policies.
Public education and training policies generally cover two main areas: technical and vocational education, and work and vocational training. In Malaysia, various ministries and public agencies are expected to play specific roles in these areas. Technical and vocational education is aimed at providing the basic knowledge and skills to respond to the needs of a specific field of expertise. The Ministry of Education takes the initiative to provide technical and vocational education in the framework of secondary and higher education. In the meantime, work and vocational training is aimed at developing workers who can quickly adapt to the needs of the production site. Trainees learn to obtain “manufacturing” technologies and skills based on the curriculum focusing on the needs of industries. The Ministry of Human Resources, the Ministry of Entrepreneur Development, the Ministry of Youth and Sports, and other public agencies provide work and vocational training programs to new graduates and workers.
Next in the series would be a discussoin on division of responsibilities between technical and vocational education and work and vocational training provided by public institutes and between different administrative levels.
A eview of the economic development in and after the 1980s revealed that the government took a strong stance on human resource development. Some hold a view that it would be best to reduce government involvement and leave it to the market mechanism in developing countries. In reality, government involvement is anticipated in many countries and that is especially true in Malaysia. In fact, the government shows strong interest in human resource development and closely monitors the state of the implementation of vocational and other training. The interim report of the Malaysia Plan and other projects examined the state of vocational and other training. In Malaysia, foreign companies have an obligation to provide technical training for their employees. These examples clearly reflect the government’s attitude toward human resource development. Meanwhile, the government voices dissatisfaction with companies that are not willing to provide employee training or technical transfer from time to time. In Malaysia, there is significant interference from the government concerning human resource development; thus, it is only natural that public vocational training institutes have been deeply involved in the implementation of such government policies.
Public education and training policies generally cover two main areas: technical and vocational education, and work and vocational training. In Malaysia, various ministries and public agencies are expected to play specific roles in these areas. Technical and vocational education is aimed at providing the basic knowledge and skills to respond to the needs of a specific field of expertise. The Ministry of Education takes the initiative to provide technical and vocational education in the framework of secondary and higher education. In the meantime, work and vocational training is aimed at developing workers who can quickly adapt to the needs of the production site. Trainees learn to obtain “manufacturing” technologies and skills based on the curriculum focusing on the needs of industries. The Ministry of Human Resources, the Ministry of Entrepreneur Development, the Ministry of Youth and Sports, and other public agencies provide work and vocational training programs to new graduates and workers.
Next in the series would be a discussoin on division of responsibilities between technical and vocational education and work and vocational training provided by public institutes and between different administrative levels.
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